Extraction system for brake dust and tire abrasion
The innovative systems can effectively detach and extract the fine dust particles generated by brake disc and tire abrasion. Overall, the amount of particulate matter released into the environment is significantly reduced.
Challenge
The traffic-related particulate matter (dust fraction with 50% of the particles with a diameter of 10 μm) is formed to about 85% by tire, brake and road abrasion as well as by the whirling of the dust layer on the roadways. The particulate matter problem affects not only Diesel vehicles but also vehicles with petrol engines and electric drive. Brake dust is classified as hazardous to health and is particularly dangerous in the air we breathe. Brake dust particles can (depending on their size) penetrate relatively deep into the lung tissue and partly into the bloodstream. According to the Federal Environment Agency, particulate matter emissions in Germany in 2020 were around 180,000 tonnes. Available active systems for collecting brake dust usually worsen the energy balance of the vehicle. Current passive solutions cannot break the boundary layer created near brake discs efficiently enough and cannot efficiently collect the brake dust.
Our solution
Prof. Klinge from the Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences has developed extraction systems for brake dust and tire abrasion, which have an air injection system to remove the boundary layer contaminated with fine dust particles. In combination with a hood, a lighter, more comprehensive and more energy-efficient extraction of the dust layer is possible. According to the invention, the negative pressure required for efficient suction is much lower. The required vacuum is not generated by additional consumers (e.g. pumps and turbines), but with the help of a vacuum generator based on the venturi effect. This is positioned in the form of an air deflector near the inner rim edge of a vehicle wheel. This leads to a narrowing of the flow cross-section for the boundary layer of the rotating wheel forming at the inner edge of the rim at the narrowest point. Thus, a vacuum corresponding to the speed is always available during the journey, which is sufficient to operate the extraction devices. By providing the right amount of feed and suction volume flow, a complete collection of the brake dust particles into the filter is possible.
Fig.1: Extraction system for brake dust (source: adaptation after patent application).
Fig.2: Device for the extraction of tire abrasion (source: adaptation after patent application).
For tire and road dust collection, a movable hood is proposed, that can be activated or deactivated according to weather conditions (e.g. rain and show), road surfaces (tarmac, gravel) or obstacles (curbs etc.).
Fig.3: Vacuum generator (source: adaptation after patent application).
Advantages
- Efficient and effective capture of the resulting particulate matter without contact with moving parts
- Suction with relatively low negative pressure possible
- 100% extraction of the flow loaded with dust particles can be realized
- High energy efficiency due to passively generated negative pressure close to the consumer
- No negative influence/impact on the cooling properties of the brake disc
- Suitable for internally ventilated disc brakes
- Retrofit option available
Applications
- Cars, trucks and two-wheelers (regardless of drive type)
- Rail vehicles
Development Status
First prototypes have been developed and tested wind tunnel.
Patent status
German patent application:
DE102019133794A1
DE102019133772A1
Patent holder:
Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences – Hochschule Braunschweig/Wolfenbüttel
Related Technologies
Contact
Dr. Mirza Mackovic
Patent Manager Technology
E-Mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Phone: +49 (0) 551 30 724 153
References: MM-2179-FHBW and MM-2184-FHBW
www.sciencebridge.de
Tags: Automotive engineering
